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1. Trying intermittent fasting
Intermittent fasting (IF) is an eating pattern involving short-term fasts and eating within a condensed time window. Studies show that short-term intermittent fasting (up to 24 weeks) can lead to weight loss in overweight individuals. Common IF methods are discussed below.
Intermittent fasting methods include:
- Alternate Day Fasting (ADF): Fast every other day and eat normally on non- fasting days. A modified version involves eating 25-30% of daily energy needs on fasting days.
- The 5:2 Diet: Fast on 2 out of 7 days consuming 500-600 calories on fasting days.
- The 16/8 Method: Fast for 16 hours and eat within an 8-hour window, often from noon to 8 p.m. Research shows it can lead to reduced calorie intake and weight loss. On non-fasting days, maintaining a healthy eating pattern and avoiding overeating is essential.
2. Tracking your diet and exercise
For effective weight loss, it's crucial to monitor daily food and drink intake. This can be achieved by using a journal or an online food tracker. In 2017, researchers predicted a surge in health app downloads, highlighting the importance of tracking diet, physical activity, and weight loss progress through mobile apps. Studies have shown that consistent tracking of physical activity and monitoring food intake and exercise frequency are positively linked to weight loss. Even a basic tool like a pedometer can be helpful in achieving weight loss goals.
3. Eating mindfully
Mindful eating involves paying attention to how and where you eat, which can enhance the enjoyment of food and promote a healthy weight. In our busy lives, we often eat quickly, on the go, or while distracted by various activities, leading to a lack of awareness about what we consume. Mindful eating techniques can help address this issue.
To practice mindful eating:
- Sit down at a table to fully enjoy the food.
- Avoid distractions like TV or phones while eating.
- Eat slowly, savoring each bite, which aids in weight management.
- Make thoughtful food choices by selecting nutrient-rich options that provide lasting satisfaction.
4. Eating protein for breakfast
Protein regulates appetite hormones, reducing hunger (ghrelin) and increasing satiety (peptide YY, GLP-1, cholecystokinin). Research shows high protein breakfasts can have lasting hormonal effects. Good options include eggs, oats, nut and seed butters, quinoa porridge, sardines, and chia seed pudding.
5. Cutting back on sugar and
refined carbohydrates
The Western diet's high added sugar content is linked to obesity, even in beverages. Refined carbohydrates lack fiber and nutrients and include white rice, bread, and pasta. These foods convert to glucose quickly, leading to excess glucose in the blood, insulin release, and fat storage, contributing to weight gain. Opt for healthier swaps:
- Choose whole-grain rice, bread, and pasta over white.
- Opt for fruits, nuts, and seeds instead of high-sugar snacks
- Replace sugary sodas with herbal teas and fruit-infused water.
- Prefer smoothies made with water or milk over fruit juice.
6. Eating plenty of fiber
Dietary fiber consists of indigestible plant-based carbohydrates that promote a feeling of fullness, potentially aiding weight loss. Fiber-rich foods include whole-grain cereals, pasta, bread, oats, fruits, vegetables, legumes, nuts, and seeds.
7. Balancing gut bacteria
- Various plant-based foods: Increasing fruits, vegetables, and grains in your diet boosts fiber intake and diversifies gut bacteria. Aim for 75% plant-based meals.
- Fermented foods: Foods like sauerkraut kimchi, kefir, yogurt, tempeh, and miso contain probiotics that enhance good bacteria and inhibit bad bacteria. Research suggests anti-obesity effects from kimchi and potential weight loss benefits from kefir.
- Prebiotic foods: These stimulate beneficial bacteria and are found in fruits (e.g., banana, avocado), vegetables (like chicory root, onion, garlic), and grains (oats, barley).
8. Getting a good night's sleep
Getting less than 5-6 hours of sleep per night is linked to higher obesity rates due to multiple factors. Inadequate sleep can slow down metabolism, leading to energy storage as fat. Poor sleep increases insulin and cortisol production, further promoting fat storage Sleep duration also impacts appetite-regulating hormones, with leptin signaling fullness to the brain.
9. Managing your stress levels
Stress triggers hormone release, initially decreasing appetite as part of the fight or flight response. Chronic stress can lead to increased cortisol levels, raising appetite and potential overeating. Cortisol promotes storing excess sugar from carbohydrates as fat. Stress management is crucial and has been linked to reduced BMI in children and adolescents with weight issues. Methods to manage stress include activities like yoga, meditation, breathing techniques, spending time outdoors, and relaxation methods.
Takeaway
It is important to remember that there are na quick fixes when it comes to weight loss The best way to manage weight is to eat a nutritious, balanced diet. This should include 10 portions of fruit and vegetables, good quality protein, and whole grains. It is also beneficial to exercise for at least 30 minutes every day.